Air conditioning system for



July 13, 1.937. H. HAYES AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS Filed Dec. 26, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l /A/rfA/Ta/a, HAL HA vai 47m/@NEM July 13,1937. H. HAYES AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR BUILDINGS Filed Dec. 26, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN vin/Tora H A L HAYES B92041411 A rrozuev Patented .iuiy i3, 1937 NITED STATES Am coNnIrroNrNG SYSTEM For:J BUILDINGS Hal Hayes, vLos Angeles, Calif. Application December 26, 1934, Serial No. 759,225

4 Claims. (Cl. 62-139i This invention relates to means for heating, cooling.' and humidifying air, and particularly pertains to an air conditioning system for buildings and the like.

At the present time the general public is becoming aware of a need for means to condition the air in buildings, particularly in dwellings, so that the air will have a uniform humidity and so that the temperature ofthe air may be controlled appropriately in hotl and cold weather. Most of the devices contemplating these results are installed as separate auxiliary units in rooms or dwellings. It is the principal object of the present invention to provide means for obtaining the results previously described which is installed as an inherent part of a dwelling when built, and not only utilizes the usual heating structures for raising the temperature of the air but provides means whereby the walls, iioors, and ceilings of rooms may be changed in temperature corresponding to the desired temperature required of the air which is within the room.

The present invention contemplates the provision of a building structure of flreproof construction, said structure embodying means within the walls thereof to permit a cooling or heating medium to flow therethrough, and being provided with additional means for controlling the temperature of the air which is delivered directly to the room.

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view in vertical section through a portion of a dwelling indicating schematically an arrangement of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged view in transverse section, as seen on the'line 2--2 of Fig. 1, showing the wall construction of a building embodying the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a view in vertical section and elevation showing an air circulating method with which the present invention is concerned.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view in horizontal section through the iioor of the dwelling as seen on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, showing a method of heating the oor.

Referring particularly to Fig. 1 of the drawings a wall structure is shown made of reinforced concrete and constructed by the general method and means shown in my co-pending application entitled Concrete form, Serial No. 734,305, and filed by me July 9, 1934. In this type of construction the floor, walls, and ceilings of rooms are cast of concrete so that the building structure is substantially monolithic. Due

to this construction it will be evident that there will not be any fire hazard in embodying the features of the present invention inthe structure. It is contemplated in forming a Wall as here shown that the wall will have opposite plane sides Ill and II as particularly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and that these sides will be connected at equal spaced intervals throughout their horizontal length by transverse webs I2 cast integral with the wall sections and thus l0 forming a plurality of parallel vertical passageways I3. These passageways, as shown in Fig. 1

of the drawings, extend substantially the heighth of the wall and communicate at alternate ends through transverse openings I4. It will therefore be recognized that the passageways I3 form a sinuous path of travel for air throughout the length of the wall. This sinuous passageway is utilized in the present instance to accommodate heated air or cooled air, the temperature of which will be imparted to the entire Wall structure and will thus be radiated from the wall surfaces within the room. In this manner a certain degree of temperature will be imparted to the air contained within the room, irrespective of circulation. For heating purposes the present invention contemplates the use of a hot air furnace, such as generally indicated at I5 in the drawings. This furnace has the usual iirebox I6 and a circumscribing outer shell I'I which provides a fresh air circulating space I8. The products of combustion from the ,furnace are here shown as led oif through pipes I9 and 20. The pipe I9 leads to a sinuous passageway 2I here shown as embedded within the floor 22 of the room.. The passageway 2| may be cast in any suitable manner and may be lined with a permanent metal wall, such as obtained by the use of galvanized iron or other metal piping. The floor structure is formed of concrete and 40 is therefore iireproof. The exhaust end of the passageway 2| communicates with a flue 23 which extends upwardly through the wall and leads to a chimney 24. It may also be desirable to circulate the products of combustion through a section of the wall. This is done through the pipe 2|) to permit the smoke and burned gases to pass upwardly and along the wall passageways I3a and then out through a chimney 26. It will be evident that a large amount of the heat which at the present time is lost in`- cident to the operation of a furnace may be conserved due to the heat absorbed by the floor structure and the wall structure as the heated gases pass to the chimneys. When it is desired to supply cool air to the room at a time when the-furnace is not in operation freshalr is drawn inwardly from an outside register 21 toa pas-4 sageway 28 and thence downwardly to the mouth of a blower 29. The fresh. air is then drawn inwardly to the air space I3 within the shell I1,v and may then be Aled through pipe 30 to passageways |3b in a section of the wall as indicated in Fig. 1. These passageways will conduct the cooled air along a sinuous path of travel and if desired maylead to. and through a food storage cooler 3| before being introduced directly into the room through a wall register 32. In order to increase the cooling action upon the air passing through the passageways |3b it may be found desirable to provide the passageways with absorbent lining such as wick material indicated at 33 in the drawings. This material receives water delivered from a pipe 34 disposed above the ceiling of the room and which there- A after passes through acooling coil 35 positioned Within one of the vertical passageways of the,

wall. A return pipe 36 from this coil communicates with a distributing pipe 31 having feed pipes 33 leading therefrom. These pipes conduct water to the wick lining 33 of the passageways and thus insure that the evaporation of water from the wetted surface of the wall will lower the temperature of the air passing therealong in a manner as may be well understood. In the first of the passageways |3b a spray head 25 is provided thus acting to dehumidify the air coming in from the furnace and passing through the passageways |3b. The cool air is delivered to the room through register 32 and may be drawn from the room in any suitable manner. A vane controlled air inlet 39 may be mounted in communication with the next succeeding air passageway |3b following the one within which dehumidication takes place to supply auxiliary air if desired. This may be appended at any point.

In the event it is desired to heat the room I directly by introducing heated air from the furnace this may be done in the usual manner by conducting heated air from the furnace through a pipe 40 to a register 4|. In some instances it may be d rable to obtain a cooling or heating eiect upon the outside walls of the building by a free circulation of air. 'I'his is accomplished as shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings by forming a section of the wall with passageways |3c and providing wall registers 42 communicating with the outside of the room. and through which air may ow to occupy the space within the wall.

In operation of the present invention, when a room is to be heated the flow of exhaust gases from the rebox I6 through pipe 20 to the wall passageways 3a is permitted.y If desired, these gases may be directed through the heat pipes 2| and to the ducts |3a. The heat may then flow along the paths of travel defined by these passageways to the chimneys 24 and 26. It is also possible to introduce heated air from the furnace directly into the room or rooms through the pipe 40 and the registers 4|.

In the event that it is desired to cool the dwelling fresh air is drawn in through the duct 28 by the suction fan 29 and after passing through the furnace I5, which at the time does not contain a fire, the air may be passed through any or all of the ducts and passageways leading to the wall. The cooled air passes through the pipe 30 to the rst ducts I3b where the air is dehumidied by spray 25, and then follows a sinuous path of travel along these ducts to the register 32.v In the course oi' thisA travel the air will pass along wetted surfaces of the wick members 33 and the wall surfaces and along and around the water coil 35. This air will thus bev reduced in temperature by evaporation. Attention is directed to the fact that the water cooling coil 35 is placed near the end of the path of travel of the air through the passageways |317. Thus the air of lowest temperature will act on the coil to lower the temperature of the water used in the dehumidifying spray 25 and applied to the evaporation wicks 33. It will also be seen that the cooled water from the coil is led directly to the spray 25 so that the coolest water in the system will strike the warmest air flowing into the passageways I3b and thereby add to the efficiency of the apparatus.

When desired make up airmay flow into the cooling system through member 39. It will thus be seen that due to the arrangement here disclosed it is possible to efficiently control the temperature and humidity of air in a room and to insure that this temperature will be uniformly maintained throughout the room.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention, as now known to me, it will be understood that various changes may be made in the combination, construction, and arrangement of parts by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A building structure comprising a circumscribing wall having sinuous air passageways therewithin whereby a flow of air may be established within and along the wall to change the temperature of .the same, wetted surfaces within said passageways, and over which said flowing air travels and by which the temperature of the air is lowered, and means for introducing the cooled air into the room at the end of its travel. within the wall, a water circulating device within the wall and through which water flows' to be thereafter delivered to the wetted surfaces.

2. A building structure comprising a circumlscribing wall having sinuous air passageways therewithin whereby a ilow of air may be established within and along the wall to change the temperature of the same, wetted surfaces within said passageways, and over which said flowing air travels and by which the temperature of the air is lowered, and means for introducing the cooled air into the room at the end of its travel within the wall, a water circulating device within the wall and through which water flows to be thereafter delivered to the wetted surfaces, and means for introducing said cooled water into the air stream within the wall at a point near the entry of the air stream to the wall whereby dehumidication of the air is brought about.

3. A building structure including a wall having a plurality of sinuous air passageways therein communicating with a source of air exterior of said wall and which air flows through said passageway, a water to air heat exchanger unit disposed in the path of flow of said air and through which cooling water may circulate, and a plurality of liquid contact units disposed in the sinuous passageways and to which water from said heat exchanger unit may be delivered to further cool the owing air by evaporation.

4. A building construction including a wall by which the air contained within the building a,os1,147 3 is cooled. which wall is formed with parallel vertical wall sections between which vertical air passageways are formed connecting at alternate opposite ends whereby air may follow a sinuous path of travel through the wall from an outside source to the interior of the building structure oi' which the wall is a part. a water coil interposed within. said wall and around which said air ows and through which water may circulate and a plurality of wetted surfaces within the passageways. said surfaces being supplied with water which has passed throush the coil and by which the air will be cooled by evaporation before being introduced into the room.

HAL HAYES. 

